Cutty Sark – the Ship that Raced the Wind

London calling.

London Walks connecting.

This… is London.

This is London Walks.

Streets ahead.

Story time. History time.

A very good evening to you London Walkers. Wherever you are.

It’s Sunday, November 23rd.

Late Sunday evening. But the streak’s alive…yes, here it is – your daily London fix.

What have we got today? We’ve got a birthday. And an unbeatable Greenwich connection. Best fit for this one is our Greenwich Walk, which these days doesn’t run these days. It’s a summer programme outing.

Anyway, this show gets underway a long way from Greenwich. And a long way from 2025.

Let’s go to the River Clyde in Western Scotland. Go there on November 23rd. 1869. I want you to picture it. Grey Scottish water,

a bite in the air,

shipwrights with sawdust in their beards, and, easing down the slipway,

something so lean and racy

you half expect it to wink at you:

Cutty Sark.

One of the very last tea clippers ever built and, incredibly, the only one still with us. That’s the first marvel.

Out of all that forest of masts

and all that Victorian ambition,

only this one survived the lot.

And she’s here in London,

shimmering like a polished blade

above the Thames.

Now, a clipper’s all about speed.

It’s the F1 car of the 19th century.

And Cutty Sark

was one of the quickest of them all.

She measures in at about 280 feet long

if you include the bowsprit,

36 feet across the beam,

and tipping the scales

at around 900 gross tons.

Not a monster,

but built like a champion sprinter.

Her secret?

A perfect marriage of wood and iron.

On the surface

she’s all sleek timber elegance:

American rock elm and

Canadian rock maple

fused with East India teak.

Underneath that, though,

she’s hiding a skeleton of

wrought iron frames,

giving her the strength

to carry enormous sail

without cracking like a walnut.

She’s basically a Victorian cyborg.

And those sails.

More than 30 of them,

stacked up into the sky,

a total sail area

of roughly 32,000 square feet.

How big is 32,000 square feet?

It’s about the size of the Tate Modern Turbine Hall. Or the nave of Westminster Abbey. That’s a lot of sail.

When she was really going for it,

every stitch was up, canvas straining, rigging humming,

and the whole thing

tilted at an angle

that’d make any landlubber

grab for something solid.

With a good wind behind her

she could crack along at 17, 18

maybe 19 knots.

That’s pushing 22 miles an hour.

On water.

In the 1870s.

It’s the sort of speed

that made rival captains

gnash their teeth and,

occasionally, invent rude songs.

Why Dumbarton?

Because that’s where the wizard lived.

A shipbuilding genius by the name of Hercules Linton,

co-founder of Scott and Linton, was handed the commission

by John Willis,

a London shipowner

who wanted speed, pure and simple.

Willis wanted to own

the tea trade’s equivalent

of a derby winner.

Linton produced the design,

Dumbarton had the skilled men,

and the Clyde had decades

of shipbuilding magic

flowing through its yards.

The Cutty Sark slid from

blueprint to reality

in about nine months.

Quick as that.

And the bill?

Around sixteen grand.

Call it a couple of million in

today’s money.

Bargain,

considering she’s still with us.

Her name?

That’s another little delight.

It comes from Robert Burns’s poem

Tam o’ Shanter.

A cutty sark is a short shift,

a scanty nightdress,

worn by the witch Nannie

who chases poor Tam and his horse Meg. Willis liked a bit of cheek and whimsy,

so he plucked the name

straight out of Burns.

If you look at the ship’s figurehead,

she’s right there:

Nannie, arm outstretched,

wild hair flying,

brandishing the horse’s tail

she tore off in the poem.

Best figurehead in London, hands down.

And what did the Cutty Sark actually do? First and foremost: tea.

Cargo stacked to the rafters,

chests upon chests of it,

all strapped down below

in a hold

that would’ve been fragrant enough

to make a Tetley’s salesman

weak at the knees.

The run was always China to London,

and the race each year was legendary.

The first ship back got the best price. There were wagers,

rivalries,

press coverage.

It was the sporting drama of its day.

In 1872 Cutty Sark famously raced

the Thermopylae,

the green-hulled darling of the tea trade. They were neck and neck

until disaster struck:

Cutty Sark lost her rudder in a storm. Weeks at sea,

and her carpenter performed a miracle, rigging up a makeshift rudder

in conditions that’d make you cry.

She limped in behind Thermopylae,

but the legend stuck.

She didn’t win that one,

but good grief did she win hearts.

Her crew?

Usually around 28 to 30 men.

A tight little community sharing

cramped quarters

that’d make present day commuters

on the Central Line feel grateful

for the elbow room.

Officers were aft,

seamen forward,

hammocks slung above barrels or crates, everything smelling faintly of tar,

rope, tobacco and

the eternal damp of the sea.

It was hard work,

rotten weather,

long hours,

and constant danger,

but for those who served on a clipper, there was also this unspoken pride.

You were riding

one of the fastest things afloat.

When you passed other ships

you didn’t just overtake them,

you erased them from the horizon.

After tea came wool.

Australia beckoned,

and Cutty Sark

became a regular on the wool run. Suddenly

she’s tearing back from Sydney to London in record times:

73 days, 72 days, that kind of thing.

Those runs are the ones

that really cemented her reputation

as a thoroughbred.

Steamships were starting to muscle in,

but none of them could quite match

the feeling of a clipper

outrunning the world under full sail.

And that’s the thing: beauty.

There’s a reason

people get a little misty eyed

when they see her.

She’s all line and lift and tension.

The sheer slopes

up to that arrow-point bow,

the lovely taper of her stern,

the long straight run of her deck.

She looks alive, even at rest.

You stand beneath her now in Greenwich, where she’s been lifted

so she seems to float in mid air,

and you get that shiver.

As if she might decide the tide’s right

and slip off on another dash

to the other side of the world.

It’s astonishing she survived at all.

After her glory years

she ended up training seamen,

then as a stationary cadet ship

in the Thames,

and finally

the ambitious conservation campaign

of the 1950s

saved her from being broken up.

Fire nearly took her twice

in the 21st century,

but she’s tougher than she looks.

Today she’s restored,

gleaming, proud, and entirely irresistible.

Go and see her.

Stand beneath that hull,

feel the weight of history above you.

Walk her deck, grip the wheel,

look up at where the sails once towered. She’s the last of her kind,

a runner built for the long blue road,

and she’s here,

waiting,

reminding us that speed

was once carved from timber,

hoisted by hand,

and carried on the wind.

You’ve been listening to This… is London, the London Walks podcast. Emanating from www.walks.com.

Home of London Walks, London’s signature walking tour company.

London’s local, time-honoured, fiercely independent, family-owned, just-the-right-size walking tour company.

And as long as we’re at it, London’s multi-award-winning walking tour company. Indeed, London’s only award-winning walking tour company.

And here’s the secret: London Walks is essentially run as a guides’ cooperative.

That’s the key to everything.

It’s the reason we’re able to attract and keep the best guides in London. You can get schlubbers to do this for £25 a walk. But you cannot get world-class guides – let alone accomplished professionals.

It’s not rocket science: you get what you pay for.

And just as surely, you also get what you don’t pay for.

Back in 1968 when we got started we quickly came to a fork in the road. We had to answer a searching question: Do we want to make the most money? Or do we want to be the best walking tour company in the world?

You want to make the most money you go the schlubbers route. You want to be the best walking tour company in the world you do whatever you have to do to attract and keep the best guides in London – you want them guiding for you, not for somebody else.

Bears repeating: the way we’re structured – a guides’ cooperative – is the key to the whole thing.

It’s the reason for all those awards, it’s the reason people who know go with London Walks, it’s the reason we’ve got a big following, a lively, loyal, discerning following – quality attracts quality.

It’s the reason we’re able – uniquely – to front our walks with accomplished, in many cases distinguished professionals:

By way of example, Stewart Purvis, the former Editor (and subsequently CEO) of Independent Television News.

And Lisa Honan, who had a distinguished career as a diplomat (Lisa was the Governor of St Helena, the island where Napoleon breathed his last and, some say, had his penis amputated – Napoleon didn’t feel a thing – if thing’s the mot juste – he was dead.)

Stewart and Lisa – both of them CBEs – are just a couple of our headline acts.

Or take our Jack the Ripper Walk. It’s the creation of the world’s leading expert on Jack the Ripper, Donald Rumbelow, the author of the definitive book on the subject.  Britain’s most distinguished crime historian, Donald is, in the words of The Jack the Ripper A to Z, “internationally recognised as the leading authority on Jack the Ripper.” Donald’s emeritus now but he’s still the guiding light on our Ripper Walk. He curates the walk. He trains up and mentors our Ripper Walk guides. Fields any and all questions they throw at him.

The London Walks Aristocracy of Talent – its All-Star Team of Guides – includes a former London Mayor. It includes the former Chief Music Critic for the Evening Standard. It includes the Chair of the Association of Professional Tour Guides. And the former chair of the Guild of Guides.

It includes barristers, doctors, geologists, museum curators, a former London Museum archaeologist, historians, university professors (one of them a distinguished Cambridge University paleontologist); it includes a criminal defence lawyer, Royal Shakespeare Company and National Theatre actors, a bevy of MVPs, Oscar winners (people who’ve won the big one, the Guide of the Year Award)… well, you get the idea.

As that travel writer famously put it, “if this were a golf tournament, every name on the Leader Board would be a London Walks guide.”

And as we put it: London Walks Guides make the new familiar and the familiar new.

And on that agreeable note… come then, let us go forward together on some great London Walks.

And that’s by way of saying, Good walking and Good Londoning one and all. See ya next time.

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